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the image to enlarge
There are not many pictures of
hinge 1 available, however from (image 17) it can be seen that
hinge 1 was torn from the rudder attachment point. My reading
of the picture is that the composite material around the hinge
broke starting on the left hand side of the photo (starboard
side of the rudder) and tore left to right pulling material away.
I infer a rightward tearing motion from the layering of the composite
material. On the left we see the upper layer of the laminate
material (light grey), next the honeycomb layer and then the
bottom laminate later.
Though not visible in the picture I would surmise that, like the other attachment points, the tearing continued through to the right side leaving only a little bit of material where the rivets held it to the frame, see (figure 12).
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